C#线程的启动示例教程

在.net中为我们提供了两种启动线程的方式，一种是不带参数的启动方式，另一种是带参数的启动的方式。

1：不带参数的启动方式，可以使用ThreadStart来实例化Thread，ThreadStart是在.net framework 中已经定义好的委托，ThreadStart定义为：

public delegate void ThreadStart();

使用方法如下面的代码：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Demo demo = new Demo();

            Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(demo.Run));
            t.Name = "NoParameterThread";
            t.Start();
        }

   public class Demo
    {
        int interval = 1000;
        ///

        /// 不带参数的启动方法
        ///

        public void Run()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                DoSomething();
            }
        }

        private void DoSomething()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("当前线程：{0}，当前系统时间为：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
            Thread.Sleep(interval);
        }
}

2：带参数的启动方法，就要使用ParameterizedThreadStart委托来实例化Thread了，和ThreadStart一样的是它也是线程启动时要执行的方法，和ThreadStart不同的是，它在实例化时可以用一个带有一个Object参数的方法作为构造函数的参数，而实例化ThreadStart时所用到的方法是没有参数的。ParameterizedThreadStart定义为：

public delegate void ParameterizedThreadStart(object obj);

使用方法如下面的代码：

public class Demo
    {
        int interval = 1000;

        private void DoSomething()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("当前线程：{0}，当前系统时间为：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
            Thread.Sleep(interval);
        }

        ///

        /// 带参数的启动方法
        ///

        ///
        public void Run(object param)
        {
            if (param == null)
                return;

            int.TryParse(param.ToString(), out interval);
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                DoSomething();
            }
        }

    }

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Demo demo = new Demo();

            Thread parameterThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(demo.Run));
            parameterThread.Name = "ParameterThread";
            parameterThread.Start(2000);
        }

3：在很多时候，我们遇到的情况是要传递多个参数，注意到ParameterizedThreadStart委托的参数类型是一个Object对象，为什么是Object这样的参数呢？很简单，因为在.net中Object是所有类型的基类。这样我们可以声明一个类，为这个类增加属性，这些属性也就是参数。

使用方法如下面的代码：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Demo demo = new Demo();

            ThreadParamter p = new ThreadParamter(2000,100);
            Thread multiParameterThread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(demo.CustomerParamterRun));
            multiParameterThread.Name = "MultiParameterThread";
            multiParameterThread.Start(p);
        }

public class Demo
    {
        ///

        /// 带多个参数的启动方法
        ///

        ///
        public void CustomerParamterRun(object param)
        {
            if (param == null)
                return;

            ThreadParamter p = param as ThreadParamter;
            if (p != null)
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < p.LoopCount; i++)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(string.Format("当前线程：{0}，当前系统时间为：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
                    Thread.Sleep(p.Interval);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public class ThreadParamter
    {
        public int Interval { get; set; }
        public int LoopCount { get; set; }

        public ThreadParamter()
        { }

        public ThreadParamter(int interval, int loopCount)
        {
            this.Interval = interval;
            this.LoopCount = loopCount;
        }
    }

4：在遇到业务非常复杂的时候，上面写法还是有问题，封装不够好，我们可以使用装饰模式，对上面的代码进行改进。这样业务发生改变的时候，我们只需要修改核心的实现部分，调用的方法可以不用做任何修改，而且调用方法的代码非常简洁。

修改后的代码如下：

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            DecoratorThread t = new DecoratorThread(new ThreadParamter(2000, 100));
            t.Start();
        }

public class ThreadParamter
    {
        public int Interval { get; set; }
        public int LoopCount { get; set; }

        public ThreadParamter()
        { }

        public ThreadParamter(int interval, int loopCount)
        {
            this.Interval = interval;
            this.LoopCount = loopCount;
        }
    }

    ///

    /// 使用装饰模式来实现多个参数的
    ///

    public class DecoratorThread
    {
        private ThreadParamter threadParamter;
        private Thread thread;


        public DecoratorThread(ThreadParamter threadParamter)
        {
            this.threadParamter = threadParamter;
            thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));
            thread.Name = "DecoratorThread";
        }

        public void Start()
        {
            if (thread != null)
            {
                thread.Start();
            }
        }

        private void Run()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < threadParamter.LoopCount; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("当前线程：{0}，当前系统时间为：{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
                Thread.Sleep(threadParamter.Interval);
            }
        }
    }